Over the latter years of the 20th century, and on into the early years of the 21st, there has been a perceptible shift in the balance of global affairs, with everything from political influence to economic power slowly swinging from West to East, and nowhere has this change been more noticeable than in the balance between China and America
Over the last 20 years, America has seen its manufacturing sector decline as China's has risen, its supply of fuel and raw materials being slowly redirected to Chinese factories that didn't exist a matter of month before, and its influence in Asia, Europe and Africa steadily decreasing as the importances of investment in China, and by China, has increased.
Now, it looks as if America may soon find itself having to surrender some more of its influence to China, if interested parties have their way at least. This time in respect to its position as chief power broker in the one of the Middle East's most contentions disputes.
Invitation
Former Israeli Minister of Justice Yossi Beilin and former Palestinian Minister of State Abdel Kader Hamed have, this month, called on China to take an active role in the Middle East Peace process, and to use its position as an unentangled rising power to help resolve the multi generation conflict between Israel and Palestine.
According to both parties, China would make an enticing mediator for several key reason; It is not significantly bound up by previous foreign policy, either domestically or in the eyes of others. It is almost totally unresponsive to pressure, and it is too big a player to simply ignore.
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"The importance of China, among other things, is quite unique ... , it is accessible to all parties in the Middle East. It talks to everybody, unlike some of the other important players in the world. And, on the other hand, nobody can ignore China."
Yossi Beilin, former Minister of Justice, Israeli. |
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Firstly, the inwards facing nature of China's single ruling party, and its unresponsiveness to external pressure, mean that Beijing can speak and act independently. Working based on what it sees as being problems or potential solutions, rather than having to follow set lines determined by divisions of internal power, or pressure from external groups.
Secondly, China's level of separation from global politics means that it can actively engage with groups such as Hamas without having to worry about being shunned for
'talking to terrorists', while at the same time the fact that China is (for want of a better word) China, means that it can also engaging with Tel Aviv, and negotiate on its behalf without being seen as a stooge for the West, or as a messenger boy with an American pay check in its back pocket.
Finally, China's size and growing economic power mean that its ideas or conclusions cannot be swept under the carpet if seen as being '
inconvenient'.
Anti-China politics
Although welcomed by many Middle East observers, and considered to be '
an interesting proposal' by some China watchers, the idea of China becoming part of the peace process is not likely to sit well with anti-China factions within Washington, who have been reacting with increasing alarm to China's growing ability to influence world affairs, and with growing disgust at the world's increasing propensity to accept China as an alternative, or counterbalance, to Washington.
In recent year, such groups have been energetically pressing Washington to enact legislation and policies aimed at decreasing China's involvement in the US economy, limiting China's ability to support other nations or external factions, and at ensuring that Beijing's involvement in the international community does not bring about situations that go against American interests or policies.
To such groups, the idea of China gaining further influence in the Middle East is an anathema, as is the idea that other nations have invited China to take up such influence in order to balance out American influence.
Faith Based Politics?
In addition to troubling in the anti-China camp, the prospect of Beijing taking an active role in the peace process would also likely to create ripples among the America's influential religious right, who advocate certain outcomes for the peace process, and publicly draw links between these outcomes and a series of prophecies detailed in their religious scriptures.
Were secular China to step-up-to-the-plate, it would likely seek to treat the Israeli-Palestinian issue as being a dispute between two distinct states with conflicting land claims dating back to the post war years, rather than as a conflict based on pre 1948 land claims set down in faith documents. The latter of which approaches the religious right strongly opposes.
Sino-Israeli Relations
China is currently Israel's sixth largest international trading partner, and it's largest Asia trading partner.
Publicly, key trade areas include IT systems, agricultural technology, and life science technology. There are Currently over 200 Israeli companies operating out of China and a further 800 actively involved in Sino-Israeli trade.
Privately, Sino-Israeli trade also includes a significant amount of military technology, including pilotless hunter killer drones, advanced tactical systems, and an unknown quantity of US military secrets thought to include anti aircraft systems, anti-missile systems, and the blueprints for the US-Israeli Lavi fighter jet.
Israel is a signatory to a One China agreement and does not recognize Taiwan,
Sino-Palestinian Relations
China opened the current generation of diplomatic relations with Palestine in 1988, shortly after the signing of UN Security Council Resolution 242 and, having similarly been the victim of occupation by one of its neighbors, has since been a strong moral advocate of Palestinian independence. Though it has stopped short of overtly interfering in regional affairs.
Due to Palestine's poor economic state, and the quarantine placed around many areas of the country, Sino-Palestinian trade remains low. In 2000, Chinese exports to Palestine totaled only $US6.23 million, and imports totaled only $US77,000.
State of Play?
These days, the main negotiating force in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is made up of four partners, America, Russia, the EU and UN, though the balance of influence is widely viewed as being uneven with the US being the dominant player.
America is near-universally seen as being pro-Israeli, and to be operating on an heading set by special interest groups internal and external to Washington. Its present foreign policy means that it cannot actively engage with Hamas, despite it now being a democratically elected body.
Although it has not acted against Israel directly, Russia has a history of backing its neighbors as a means of countering US influence in the region. However, it is currently reluctant to take radical action in the region, and lacks either credibility or influence in key areas. Making it significantly less of a player than the US.
Despite being seen as being more neutral than the US, and more inclined to a solution that favors Palestine in terms of land distribution, the EU lacks more than a token ability to directly influence Israel, and is under strong pressure from the US and special interest groups not to engage with Hamas. Leaving it without the capacity to break the current deadlock or the internal consensus to try.
The UN largely remains a passive body in proceedings, and is now largely seen as a forum or talking shop rather than active player by many observers. America's ability to veto proposals prevents its Security Council from going against US foreign policy.
Motivation
While China's has a strong desire to present its global rise as being peaceful, and an increasing desire to promote itself as being an '
alternative' to the US and its Western allies - and could potentially use a role in the Middle East to help achieve this goal - There is also one other motivating force that could trigger a decision to become involved in the Israeli-Palestinian question; Japan.
Just as China's has been put forward as a potential peace broker, so to has Japan. With Jordan's King Abdullah recently publicly stating that he believed that Japan's post war policy of relative neutrality, and its history as an aid donor, made it an excellent candidate for the job of peacemaker.
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"Because you've always been there to help the poor and to help improve living standards, you are considered probably the most honest broker for the Middle East"
King Abdullah II, Jordan |
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Some China watchers view such a statement as being tantamount to a challenge to elements within Beijing, and believe that it could well provide an impetus for Chinese involvement. If only to ensure that Japan does not come away face that China could have gained.
Monologue
At present, any predications as to whether Beijing will become actively involved peace process over the long term, what form any involvement will take, and what results it might yield, remains pure speculation.
Similarly, any suggestions that Beijing might secretly be reacting with glee at the anti-American sentiment being generated by the current peace process, and might relish the opportunity to gain face while America digs itself in deeper, remains opinion rather than openly spoken policy.
Anti-American sentiment in the Middle East....
tags: chin aameirca israel palestine roadmap
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